CopperFoil OpticalWaveguides Polymer Piezoresponse DeflectionOptics ForceMapping LiNbO3 Growth Austenite CuParticle lithography Inorganic_Compound Cobalt-dopedIronOxide CntFilm HighResolution ForceDistanceSpectroscopy Dimethicone Composite Temperature ConductiveAFM 3-hexylthiophene TungstenDeposition Collagen BCZT vertical_PFM Pipette fifber Grain SFAs Heating NanoLithography Memory Lateral_Force_Microscopy Worcester_Polytechnic_Institute Fujian